Writing Options — Earning Premium

Writers are the supply side of options. They lock collateral, mint an option token, and list it for sale. If a buyer appears, they collect a premium. If not, their collateral sits idle until expiry.

A Linear Flow, Not a Guaranteed Loop

Writing on Etcha is not a "set it and collect" operation. It's a multi-step process where the critical variable — finding a buyer — is never guaranteed.

LockcollateralList optionfor saleWait forbuyernot guaranteedBuyer purchasesPremium received ✓Option expiresOracle checks priceExpires OTMKeep collateral + premium ✓Expires ITMCollateral pays outNo buyer appearsCollateral locked, zero premiumWait for expiry → reclaim⚠ IMPORTANTPremium is collected only when a buyer purchases your option token. Collateral is locked at mint regardless.The "~80% expire worthless" stat only applies to options that were actually sold.Do NOT frame writing as guaranteed income. It is a P2P marketplace.

Covered Call — Selling Upside You're Willing to Give Up

You hold an asset and write a call against it. You earn premium in exchange for capping your upside. If the price stays below strike, you keep everything. If it rises past strike, you sell at that price — plus the premium.

Covered Call: 1000 ERG, $0.35 Strike, 5 SigUSD PremiumSTEP 0Buyer mustpurchase firstWALLET1,000 ERGspot: $0.29SOLD$0.35 call written+5 SigUSD ✓
Price stays below $0.35
Keep 1,000 ERG + keep 5 SigUSD premium. Option expires worthless. Best case for the writer.
Price rises above $0.35
Sell ERG at $0.35 + keep 5 SigUSD. You miss the upside past $0.35. Capped, not a loss — amber.
No buyer found
Keep 1,000 ERG. Earn nothing. Collateral locked until expiry, then reclaimed. Opportunity cost only.

Cash-Secured Put — Get Paid to Wait for Your Price

You have stablecoins and want to buy an asset at a lower price. You write a put, locking stablecoins as collateral. If the price drops to your target, you buy at that price — plus you kept the premium. If it doesn't, you keep the premium and your stablecoins.

Cash-Secured Put: 300 SigUSD, $0.25 Strike, 3 SigUSD PremiumSTEP 0Buyer mustpurchase firstWALLET300 SigUSDtarget: $0.25SOLD$0.25 put written+3 SigUSD ✓
Price stays above $0.25
Keep 300 SigUSD + keep 3 SigUSD premium. Put expires worthless. Pure income.
Price drops below $0.25
Buy ERG at $0.25 (your target!) + keep 3 SigUSD premium. You wanted this price anyway.
No buyer found
300 SigUSD remains locked. No premium earned. Reclaim at expiry. Opportunity cost of holding idle stablecoins.
Honest framing"Getting paid to wait for your target price" only holds when a buyer exists. Without a buyer, your stablecoins are locked idle for the contract duration.

Writer's Risk/Reward Matrix

Covered CallCash-Secured Put
Max profitPremium collectedPremium collected
Max lossCapped upside beyond strike (you still keep strike + premium)Full strike value minus premium (asset goes to zero)
BreakevenSpot price at entry − premiumStrike − premium
Probability of profitTypically >50% for OTM writesTypically >50% for OTM writes
If no buyerCollateral locked, zero income. No loss beyond opportunity cost.Stablecoins locked, zero income. No loss beyond opportunity cost.
Collateral (Etcha)rsToken (physical) or SigUSD (cash)SigUSD or USE

Probability-of-profit stats only apply to options that were actually traded. An unsold option has zero probability of generating premium.

What's Different About Etcha

P2P Risks Specific to EtchaNo guaranteed counterparty — You set the price, the market decides whether to buy. There's no market maker standing on the other side.

Wide spreads possible — On a thin P2P market, bid/ask spreads can be significant. Price competitively or wait longer for a fill.

Collateral locked at mint — Whether or not a buyer appears, your collateral is committed the moment you mint.

Rolling is two transactions — Cancel the listed sell order AND write a new option. You can't do it in one step, and it requires finding a new buyer.

American-style exercise — The buyer can exercise at any time before expiry. This is token-holder-controlled, not randomly assigned like TradFi.

The Option Lifecycle on Etcha

Every option on Etcha follows a fixed sequence of steps. Each step is a transaction on the Ergo blockchain — no admin keys, no database.

Select assetstrike, expiryLockcollateralDefinitionbox createdMint TXN+1 tokensDeliver TXN → writerFixedPriceSelllist for saleBuyer purchasesnot guaranteedAt expiryoracle price checkedOTM → ExpireITM → ExerciseEach step is a UTXO transaction. The smart contract holds collateral — not Etcha, not a team.The premium is set by the writer via FixedPriceSell — the contract has no concept of pricing.
Etcha GuaranteeAll writes are fully collateralized. No margin calls, no liquidation risk. Your max loss is defined at contract creation. Black-Scholes on the write UI is a suggestion — the writer sets the premium via a separate sell order.
Key Takeaway

Writing options earns premium — but only when a buyer appears. Covered calls cap your upside in exchange for income. Cash-secured puts pay you to wait for a target price. On Etcha, all collateral is locked in an ErgoScript contract, not held by any team or platform. The tradeoff for full decentralization is P2P liquidity — you set the price, but no one is obligated to buy.